Urban politics and federal equity policy: Title IX and employment in New York City public schools

The implementation of federal educational equity policies, such as Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, has been beset by numerous difficulties, of a political, legislative, and administrative nature. The paper analyzes these factors as they influenced the effect of Title IX with respect to employment of women in administrative positions by the New York City Board of Education in the period 1972–1981. It concludes that policy design and management, as well as local political alignments, condemned the law to ineffectuality and that they will continue to do so barring other policy formulations and political configurations.