STEM教育的困境及出路

STEM教育的宗旨是整合创新,这对STEM课程的设计、开发和实施都提出了很高的要求。然而我国STEM教育领域却存在课程体系不明、课程目标不清晰、缺乏细致的探究学习设计、专业教师储备不足、未形成健康生态等问题。STEM教育遭遇的困境实际上是经验主义的前现代教育不适应现代社会发展要求的表现。STEM教育不是教学法意义上的教育革新,而是全新的教育实践。STEM教育需要与以往不同的教育实践生态。因此只有升级为现代教育,STEM教育才能摆脱上述困境。这就需要我们努力发展新教育学,并在新教育学理论指导下组建新的专业团队,构建健康的STEM共同体和企业联盟,开发新的STEM课程并提供STEM教师专业发展服务,培养STEM专业教师以基于一致性的新方式实施课程,允许教师以教育众筹的方式参与STEM课程升级,最终实现STEM整合创新的教育旨趣。

The Dilemma of STEM Education and the Way out of It

The aim of STEM education is integration and creation, which requires the high level of the design,development and running of STEM curricula. However, STEM education in China has many problems such as the incomplete system of STEM curricula, the vague objective of STEM curricula, the lack of detailed design for inquiry-based learning in STEM curriculum, the lack of professional STEM teachers, and no ecological environment in STEM field. These dilemmas actually result from the disharmony between the empirical pre-modern education of STEM and the developmental requirements of the modern society. STEM education is not an innovational movement in a pedagogical sense, but completely a new educational practice, calling for wholly different educational ecology from the traditional one. So, the dilemmas might be overcome by the upgrading of STEM education to a modern one.In order to meet the end of integration and creation of STEM, we should develop and apply educology, organize new professional teams and construct STEM communities especially STEM enterprises’ alliances to develop new STEM curricula and offer service for professional development of STEM teachers, foster professional STEM teachers to serve the education in new ways based on consistencies, and encourage teachers to participate the improvement of STEM curricula through intellectual education crowdfunding.