美国外交由谁负责?--总统与国会的权力之争

美国宪法没有对总统和国会的外交权限做出界定 ,这是总统和国会外交权力之争的根源。总统和国会的权力争夺表现为 ,双方都在极力扩大自己权力的同时 ,指责对方“篡夺”了自己的“合法”权力。通过争夺 ,双方的权力都大为增加 ,但在美国外交事务中总统居主导地位。同时 ,他的权力又受到国会的制约 ,其大小由总统个人能力及其与国会关系决定 ,还应视具体外交领域的不同而不同。从历史趋势看 ,总统的权力不断受到削弱

Who Voices American Mind in Diplomacy--Disputes over Power Between President and Congress

The root of disputes over power between President and Congress for American Constitution fails to settle a line between them in diplomatic power. In fact, the disputes between President and Congress in the world of diplomacy find their way in both sides' utmost efforts to expand each other's power and complaints about the other side's "usurpation" of one's own "legal" power. As a result, although both have successfully expanded their respective power through disputes, the President plays a dominant part in American diplomatic affairs. Meanwhile, however, his power is confined by the Congress, the degree of which is determined by the President's personal capacity and his relationship with the Congress. Besides, the specific area of diplomacy also affects this confinement. However, a general historical trend indicates the gradual weakening of the President's power.