论体育运动中的正当行为———以大陆法系刑法为文本

体育运动中的正当行为主要是要解释体育运动中出现伤亡等侵害或者威胁运动员合法权益(法益)的后果,但却不构成犯罪,不负刑事责任的正当性根据。在各种解释范式中,只有社会相当性理论才更具有包容性、解释力和说服力。这些法益侵害行为要成为阻却违法性事由,进而构成正当行为必须具备5个条件。体育运动中故意犯规所造成的伤害一般也不构成犯罪,但是如果造成特别严重的后果,可以按照刑法中相应的罪名进行处罚,但在量刑上也区别于一般的犯罪。我国刑法有必要增加对体育运动中的正当行为等业务正当行为的明确规定,以强化刑法的出罪机能。

Discussion on the Justified Acts in the Field of Sports Competition

The concept of the justified acts in the field of sports competition is the main reason to explain a no guilty and responsibility results caused by the damage or threaten the legal right of the athletes. Comparing all kinds of explaining forms,we adopted the theory of social correspondence for its con-taining,explanation and persuasion. The above torts behavior should contain five conditions to become the origin of blocking irregularity. The results of the damage caused by the intent foul doesn' t lead to crime,while the damage beyond the reasonable limit,it will be published by the correspondent accusa-tion,and the judgment penalty will be different from the ordinary crime. We should set up a clear clause of the justified acts in the field of the sports to strengthen the function of excluding guilty in the crime law.