台湾高等教育投资与薪资所得之实证模型验证

根据人力资本理论的论述,教育投资可以累积资本存量,提高劳动生产力,增加劳动者薪资所得。然而,教育投资是否"一定"促进经济发展并提高个人薪资所得呢?台湾自1992～2001年间共增加了90多所大学院校。其中又以专科学校升格为技术学院或科技大学占大宗,共计60余所。然而,随着台湾快速扩充大学校院的同时,亦出现了平均失业率提升、向东南亚等国引进外籍劳工不断增加之现象。本研究即针对台湾高等教育扩张前期的1992年与后期的2001年两个时点,利用Mincer的"薪资所得函数"加以扩充,来解释当前台湾人力资本投资与薪资所得之间的关系。结果发现,学校教育年数与工作经验年数的增加都能提高薪资所得水准,而且在高等教育扩张后,教育程度对薪资所得之影响日益重要。此一结果显示,就台湾目前状况,不论是追求整体经济社会之经济进步,抑或追求个人薪资所得水准的提升,教育投资仍为一个有效政策,而高等教育扩张(包括技专校院)确实具有其空间。因此,1992～2001年间大幅将专科学校升格为技术学院或科技大学政策显然有其正面意义。

On the model of higher education investment and wages in Taiwan

Educational investment can accumulate the capital stock,improve labor productive forces and increase laborer's wages according to human capital theory.However,educational investment can develop the economy and raise the personal wages really?Taiwan established more than 90 universities and colleges altogether from 1992 to 2001.Among them,more than 60 colleges became universities of science and technology altogether.But,with the expanding of universities and colleges in Taiwan,average unemployment rate raised,and more foreign laborers were introduced from Southeast Asia.This research utilizes "income function of the wages" of Mince to explain the relationship between present human capital investment and wages in Taiwan.The result shows the increase of education years and working experience can improve income level,and the impact of education degree on wages is increasingly important after higher education expanded.Investment in education is still an effective policy according to present situation in Taiwan,no matter it pursue economic progress of whole economic society,or pursue the promotion of individual wages level,and higher education could expanded farther.So,the policy of colleges becoming the universities of science and technology from 1992 to 2001,obviously have positive meanings.