关注校园暴力的旁观者

旁观者是指某起事件的知情者、目睹者及干预者,根据其行为类型可以分为四类：协同欺负者、煽风点火者、置身事外者和保护者.旁观者的行为受到四个因素的影响：旁观者效应,与受害者、施暴者的关系,社会规则以及自我效能感.而对于旁观者校级不作为的行为,亲社会反应五步模型和计划行动理论分别给出了理论的解释.发挥旁观者在校园暴力干预中的积极作用,需要评估他们的行为、建立明确的干预规则与社会期望,并建立保护机制.

Focusing on Bystanders to School Violence

A bystander is an individual who is present but does not take part in an event or situation, not only means observers, but also insiders and interveners. There are four bystander types, such as assistants to the violence, reinforcers, outsiders and defenders. Four factors may influence bystander behaviors, these are Bystanders Effect, the relationship with perpetrators or victims, social norms, and self- efficacy. Bystander apathy could be interpreted by Five -step Decision -making Model of Pro -social Behaviors and Theory of Planned Behavior. To prevent school violence, the article suggested to assess bystander behavior, to clarify social norms and expectations, and to establish protections.