Heysel球场观众暴力事件的理性分析

采用文献资料和逻辑归纳等方法,在回顾Heysel事件基础上,从球场观众暴力发生的必然性和偶然性两方面分析了该事件成因,并进一步从心理学、社会学角度进行理论阐释,同时,总结概括了英国从立法、公共管理、足球俱乐部及体育场设施等方面应对Heysel事件所采取的措施.研究表明:(1)Heysel事件属于球场观众暴力的最高阶段,即有足球流氓参与和组织的球场观众暴力事件,其关键性成因是有领导组织的暴力事件和足球流氓的个性心理因素;(2)该事件表现出由球场外部的社会性问题导致爆发球场观众暴力的趋势,其球场外成因主要包括社会解组、经济状况、文化冲突等.

Rational Analysis on Field Spectator Violence in Heysel

Based on documents about sports spectator violence in Heysel event,this paper analyzed its causes from the aspects of inevitability and chanciness,and made a further discussion from psychology and sociology.At the same time,it summarized the coping measures in Britain by viewing legislation,public management,football clubs and stadium facilities.The results indicated that:(1) The Heysel event was the most violent practice of sports spectator violence,namely an event with football hooligan's participation and organization,of which crucial cause were football hooligan's psychological characteristics and their lead;(2) The event showed the tendency that social problems including social disorganization,economic condition,cultural conflicts resulted in eruption of sports spectator violence in the field.