背越式跳高“双动力”起跳技术理论研究

运用运动生物力学研究法,分析了背越式跳高弧线助跑起跳过程中身体重心和垂直速度的变化规律,认为背越式跳高起跳身体重心由低向高不断加速上升,垂直速度是由小到大不断加速增大,是从助跑最后一步摆动腿垂直支撑开始到起跳腿蹬离地面结束的“两步”中完成的,起跳垂直速度是摆动腿支撑和起跳腿支撑下的“双动力”起跳中获得。弧线助跑起跳最大的优越性是经济实效地降低和升高身体重心,为身体重心运动方向提早转变和垂直速度提早积累创造有利条件。

Study on "Double Dynamical" Take-off Technique Theory of Fosbury Flop High Jump

Though the biologic mechanical, the paper analysis on the variational rule about the center of body gravity of body and the upright speed in take-off technique. The result concludes that the position of the center of body gravity of body is the lowest and the the upright speed is the slowest in the last step at run up when the swing leg upright to the jump leg take off the ground of toplevel fosbury flop high jump athletes. The author shows that the center of body gravity is the ascending phase and the upright speed is the increase course.The take-off phase of Fosbury flop high jump is from the last step at run up when the swing leg upright to the jump leg take off the ground, the jump is "double dynamical" that two legs both play the function. the most advantage of Fosbury flop high jump is economically depress and hoist gravity of body at run up along the arc phase, and creative the advantage for the change the direction movement of body gravity and cumulating of upright velocity.