Optimal design on wideband directional coupler

Combining the modified Bethe small holes coupling theory with McDonald thickness theory and field averaging correction factor, it is accurate to design the weak coupling waveguide directional coupler. While the coupling is tight, the decrease of the field strength in the main waveguide caused by aperture should not be neglected. For a −6 dB directional coupler is described in this article, the theoretical value of coupling is good agree to the simulation value, by simulated and optimized with the professional software computer simulation technology (CST). In the designed waveband, the error of coupling between theoretical value and simulating one is less than 0.25 dB. The error of coupling between simulation value and designed value is less than 0.5 dB. To improve the isolation, some spaces between two adjacent holes are turned from the traditional ? centre guided wavelength. The performance of isolation has 5 dB improvement, and length of the coupling area is only 51.06 mm.