水权转让中自主协调与合作路径分析——以新疆地区为例

现有对水权转让研究强调经济属性的存在,通过市场、行政、或两者结合的途径促进转让,其本质都是外部规制的方式推动转让实现。在外部化的状态下导致转让的交易成本较高,主体间利益冲突严峻,一味通过补偿和行政管制无法根除主体间的矛盾。本文从集体行动选择理论出发,选取新疆地区作为研究区域,提出基于共同愿景的自主治理及合作路径。通过主体参与式的多中心合作实现集团内部自我实施,达到提高水权转让效率和区域利益的目的。进而对行动理论模型进行定量分析验证,与传统模式比较以验证其有效性,突出政府参与下的多中心自主合作模式的优越性。在尊重我国国情的前提下,对水资源管理与配置领域提出一种新的实现途径。

Self-Organizing Coordination and Cooperative Path in Water Right Transfer: A Case of Xinjiang Autonomous Region

Most studies regarding water right transfer are focused on its economic attribute. The means of water right transfer involves administrative measure, economic measure, and combination of administrative and economic measures which are all taken as external control or compensation mechanisms. However, those measures tend to cause high implementation costs or invalid transfers. Specifically, there are two intractable issues in water management and water allocation. First, because of deficiencies in communication and interest sharing in the tradition mean of water transfer, interest conflicts between the supplier and the demander often arise during the water transfer. Second, the tradition mean of water transfer often results in high costs for building a cooperative relationship and supervising the whole process of water transfer. It is therefore of importance to develop a new measure to ensure the water use for society and the environment. Firstly, this study summarizes achievements of previous studies associated with water management, natural resource management, and institutional economics. Second, the most important problems in the water transfer of Xinjiang Autonomous Region were summarized. After that, this paper presents an inclusive group consisting of stakeholders and collective selection rules from the perspective of collective action. Results show that the new method appears to be able to greatly improve the economic efficiency and the effect of water resources management in Xinjiang. Three conclusions were drawn. 1) The interests of respective agents could be increased by collective action and self-organizing coordination; 2) Conflicts in water transfer could be reduced by self-organizing coordination; 3) The interest mechanism becomes more reasonable and efficient by the rule of benefits and cost sharing in the new method. In summary, the self-organizing coordination and the collective action of cooperation in water transfer are considered as one of the most vital ways of water reallocation. Meanwhile, results of this study would be useful in other natural resources management.