Familial patterns of expression of specific reading disability in a population sample |
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Authors: | Louise Walker BA LSC Edwin M Cole MD |
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Institution: | (1) Language therapist and research assistant, Language Clinic, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA;(2) Clinical Associate in Neurology, Harvard Medical School, USA |
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Abstract: | Summary A sample school population of 75 family units of equal size was investigated for expression of specific reading disability.
25.3% of the total children showed specific reading disability as defined in this study. By using spelling achievement as
the criterion for the presence of the disability, the incidence of the disorder was shown to be much higher in certain families
than in others, with clear sibling aggregation. The siblings of specific-reading-disability cases demonstrated lower spelling
competence than the total siblings in normal families, even when well above a crippling level. Both within individual families
and by grades, the spelling rating in relation to grade norms of the specific-reading-disability family cases with their siblings
tended to decline with age, in contrast to normal families where it tended to improve with age. This pattern was even more
striking if the greater language competence of females, now quite generally accepted and further supported by this study,
was taken into account. It was demonstrated that the above patterns were not primarily a product of intelligence level or
teaching methods. The bearing of these findings on the tenability of the most common, current hypotheses concerning causation
was briefly discussed.
From the Language Clinic and Division of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital. |
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