论大学毕业生就业风险

大学毕业生就业风险是指由于社会经济生活中存在着各种不确定的因素和个人预期的不完善性,大学毕业生可能遭受失业或从事和学历不相匹配的职业,而后者的工资收入往往比预期的低。把风险概念引入就业观念中,大学毕业生"自主择业"才拥有了实际意义。大学生作为风险承担主体,应该客观评价风险市场环境和个人风险偏好,具备预见和应对就业风险的能力;同时学校及社会在大学毕业生就业风险的应对中也应发挥重要的作用,如调整专业和产品多样化经营以及提供真实可靠的市场需求信息等;而政府则应尽快打破就业市场分割局面,取消人才市场保护,加快市场流动性,拓展毕业生就业和择业范围。

Students' Employment Risk

Students'employment risk refers to the following situation. Owing to the uncertainty of economic environment and the incompleteness of individual expectation, students may probably suffer from the risk of unemployment or mismatch between the specialties they command and the work they do, which would fail their previous expectation of income. Only on the condition that students are conscious of employment risk could their "job-choosing-out-of-their-own-will" principle be meaningfully realized. As subjects of risk responsibility, students should learn to assess, objectively, the risky market environment and the personal risky preference, and to forecast and handle employment risks. Meanwhile, universities and the society should play a due part in the management as well.