Sex Dimorphism in Serum Lecithin: Cholesterol Acyltransferase and Lipoprotein Lipase Activities in Adult Sickle Cell Anaemia Patients with Proteinuria |
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Authors: | M A Emokpae O H Uwumarongie H B Osadolor |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Chemical Pathology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria;(2) Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria;(3) Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria |
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Abstract: | Proteinuria in subjects with sickle cell anaemia (SCA) is an indication of an ongoing renal insufficiency and it’s prevalence
varies between sexes. We evaluated sex differences in the activities of Lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), Lipoprotein
lipase (LPL) and the levels of lipoproteins in SCA patients with proteinuria. Fifty SCA patients (30 males aged: 26.4 ± 7.3 years
and 20 females, aged 25.4 ± 2.6 years) and 50 age and sex matched control SCA patients were recruited for the study. Random
urine specimens were collected and tested for the presence of albumin by urine dipstick technique. A 24 h urinary protein
was quantitated using sulphosalicylic acid technique. Fasting serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, urea and creatinine were
determined using enzymes catalyzed colorimetric methods. HDL cholesterol was determined in the supernatant after precipitation
with manganese chloride–phosphotungstic acid solution. LCAT was measured using the Anasolv LCAT assay with proteoliposome
as substrate. LPL was determined by incubating the serum in glyceryl trioleate substrate, the glycerol liberated was measured
in an aliquot of the incubating mixture. In male SCA controls there was 18.2 and 6.9% increase in the activities of LPL and
LCAT respectively when compared with females but in SCA patients with proteinuria there was 8.4 and 5.2% decreases in the
male SCA patients compared with females. The concentration of 24 h urine protein in the SCA male subjects with proteinuria
was significantly higher (0.25 g/day; P < 0.001) compared with the SCA female patients with proteinuria (0.09 g/day). There are sex differences in the activities
of LCAT and LPL in SCA patients with proteinuria. Metabolism of these lipolytic enzymes may be modulated differently in SCA
patients with proteinuria. |
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Keywords: | Sickle cell Anaemia Proteinuria Lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase Lipoprotein lipase |
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