论中国近代政治制度创新中的扭曲与失败

作为中国现代化的主体性载体，市民群体在清末民初中国近代－系列制度创新中，成为这些创新活动的主要领导。在向议会民主政治过渡的过程中，市民群体表现出了积极主动和行为能力不足两方面的特征。应从对民主的误读、公民化、国家－社会关系失衡、制度决定论四个方面，分析这一制度创新为什么在经过短暂的喷发之后又很快走向扭曲和失败的历史原因。

On Distortions and Failures in the Innovations of the Chinese Political System in Modern Times

As the main body carrier of China's modernizati on,in modern times o f the last years of the Qing Dynasty and the first years of the Republic,the gro ups of city residents became the chief leader in carrying on a series of activit ies to attempt at innovating the system.In the course of transition to politics of parliamentary democracy,they were characteristic of two features:on the one h and they were active and energetic,on the other they were lacking in their abili ty to do things much and well enough.Here in this article,an analysis is made,in terms of four aspects:misreading democracy,citizen's culture,misbalancing of t he state-society relationship,and system determinism,of the historical reasons why this innovation of the system turned to distortions and failure soon after a short period of eruption.