不同迁移方式与不同学习“方式”对知觉运动序列学习的影响——一项ERP研究

拟采用迁移范式,以事件相关电位(ERP)成分N2、P3作为主要指标,结合不同迁移方式和不同学习"方式"探讨学习者的知识表征方式的差异。结果发现:内隐组和外显组被试在习得了一定的序列知识后,相对于标准序列的反应时,效应器迁移序列的反应时明显变慢;在脑电数据中,以N2的平均波幅作为指标,不管是内隐组还是外显组,标准序列与刺激迁移序列不存在区别,而与效应器迁移序列却差异显著。对于P3的平均波幅的分析得出:在内隐组,标准序列与效应器迁移序列不存在区别;而在外显组,两者却差异显著。该结果说明:效应器水平的编码机制是参与序列知识的学习的;且相对于知觉编码,不管以何种"方式"学习,效应器编码起的作用都要更大。

Influence of Different Transfer and Different Learning "Strategy" on the Epresentations of Sequence Knowledge:An ERP Study

The present study investigated implicit and explicit learning representations’ difference in a modified serial reaction time task,using N2b,P3b as index.38 subjects were grouped randomly to intentional or incidental group,respectively.Subjects had to learn a 12-letter-long repeating sequence that was irregularly disrupted by deviating sequence,including perceptual deviant and motor deviant.After the task,all participants were asked to complete the generation task.Then explicit and implicit learners were separated with the scores.The result suggested that representations of sequence knowledge in sequence learning were not totally independent of effectors.To some extent,effectors coding were involved in learning of sequence knowledge;Different type sequence knowledge may connect with specific independent mechanism,but not co-represent.The way to represent sequence knowledge between implicit and explicit learner was different,the motor representations(effectors-related) played a more important role than the perceptual way(stimulus-related) in both way to sequence learning.The study revealed that different sequence involved different representations in the different stage,and the process of forming representations is related to different mechanism of our learning system,also proved that implicit and explicit learning representations are different.