众包竞赛中解答者创新绩效影响因素研究——感知风险的调节效应

众包竞赛作为实现大众创新的一种有效模式,已经在企业RD创新中突显优势,不仅给发布众包竞赛任务的企业或个人带来低成本和惊喜的创意方案,还使解答者个人或团队利用其才能和空闲时间创造价值,实现收益。以"任务中国"上255位解答者的数据为样本,分析了解答者创新绩效影响因素及解答者风险偏好在其中的调节作用。结果表明:(1)解答者披露私有信息减少了发布者的信息不对称,促进了解答者绩效的提高;此外,解答者通过服务保证获得发布者信任,有利于提高其创新绩效;(2)在解答者参与经验中,工作史并没有提高解答者能力,故对提高绩效无显著影响;但在参与过程中,解答者受先前中标经验的束缚而降低了其创新绩效;(3)在解答者感知风险较高的情况下,风险规避的解答者更倾向披露私有信息而提高其创新绩效;但是,风险规避的态度会促使解答者采取保守的解答策略,使得服务保证和参与经验对创新绩效的作用减弱。

Factors Affecting Innovation Performance of Solvers in Crowdsourcing Contest: The Moderating Role of Perceived Risk

As an efficient crowd-innovation modal, crowdsourcing innovation contest have been highlight advanta-ges in firms' R&D. Crowdsourcing not only brings lower innovation cost and surprising creative solutions for spon-sors, but also creates value and profit for solvers by utilizing the spare time. The factors influencing the perfor-mance of solvers as well as the moderating effect of perceived risk are studied, and by taking the survey of 255 solvers in Tasknc.com as sample, a empirically study is carried out.Results indicate that: (1) With disclosing the private information, the solvers diminish the information asymmetry, and promote the innovation performance;while the solvers acquire the trust from the sponsor through the service guarantee, and improve the innovation per-formance. (2) Working history has no significantly impact on innovation performance, but the constraint of pre-vious bidding experience lower the innovation performance. (3) Under the conditions of higher perceived risk, risk aversions will disclose their private information, and increase their innovation performance; but the attitude of risk aversion make solvers take the conservative strategy, which lower the effect of service guarantee and participation experience on the innovation performance.