正义之我见——柏拉图与罗尔斯正义观比较

柏拉图的正义原则是三个等级的人各司其职、各守其序、各得其所,每个人必须在国家执行一种最适合他天性的职务。罗尔斯将正义的对象定位为社会的基本结构,即社会基本权利和义务的分配、社会不同阶层中存在着的经济机会和社会条件。前者是一种主体道德自律机制,后者是一种制度约束机制。现代性的扩展与张扬破坏了传统道德的作用机制,制度约束机制则成为实现现代社会正义的必然选择。

My Perceptions of Justice: Comparison of Plato and Rawls Conception of Justice

According to Plato,justice means that peoplein in city-state is devided into three grades and each person performs its own functions which is fit his nature.According to Rawls,the subject of justice is the basic struclure of society,or more exactly,the way in which the major social institutions distribute fundamental rights and duties and determine the division of advantages from social cooperations.The forther is a kind of moral self-discipline mechanism,the later is a kind of system restraint.The expansion and development of modernity have destroyed the system in which moral play role,so system restraint is a proper way to achieve social justice.