| 从科举制论中国文化中的公平观念：以唐代科举制为中心 |
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| 引用本文： | 甘怀真.从科举制论中国文化中的公平观念：以唐代科举制为中心[J].考试研究,2010(2):108-116. |
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| 作者姓名： | 甘怀真 |
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| 作者单位： | 台湾大学历史系; |
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| 摘 要： | 科举制度影响中国以至东亚社会甚巨，历来论者多矣。本文则重点讨论科举制与社会公平概念的关系。以明清为典范的科举制度的特色是“外部评鉴”、“客观量化”。弥封、八股文都反映了这种制度的原理。这种制度的原理反映了宋以后中国政治社会的结构及其权力关系。与这种宋以后的科举制度对照的是唐代的科举制度。本文也将着重讨论这个时期科举制度中的“文章干谒”制度，以探讨另一种公平的原理。本文也说明这种公平的原理与当时的中国古代士族社会的关系。这两种公平制度的对比，或许可以进一步理解为什么日本不接受科举制度，而归因于不同的社会结构。最后，科举作为东亚的重要文化遗产，仍深刻影响中国社会对于公平概念的认识。
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| 关 键 词： | 科举制度 公平 士大夫社会 |
Approaching the Concept of Fairness in Chinese Culture through the Imperial Examination System--with Special Reference to the Tang Dynasty |
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| Gan Huaizhen.Approaching the Concept of Fairness in Chinese Culture through the Imperial Examination System--with Special Reference to the Tang Dynasty[J].Examinations Research,2010(2):108-116. |
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| Authors: | Gan Huaizhen |
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| Institution: | Gan Huaizhen Department of History,National Taiwan University,Taipei,Taiwan,106 |
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| Abstract: | The significant influence of the Imperial Examination System on China as well as east Asia has been widely discussed by different scholars.This paper focuses on the relationship between the Imperial Examination System and the social fairness.The Imperial Examination System in Ming and Qing Dynasties, which is characterized by itsExternal EvaluationandObjective Requirements(as their practice of sealing up the examinees ' names and requiring theEight-Part-Formatto finish the tasks),is a manifestation of the p... |
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| Keywords: | the Imperial Examination System fairness gentry' s society |
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