美国农村社区基础教育现状与改革方略

美国农村社区的公立学校及其学生分别占美国公立学校及其学生总数的31.3%和21%,其教育质量的高低直接影响到美国教育乃至整个社会的发展状况和水平.由于以往美国社会、政府关注不够和教育投资不足,致使美国农村社区的教育环境、条件和质量严重恶化.20世纪90年代以来,美国联邦政府与社区、学校和相关利益团体一起开始改善农村社区和学区的发展条件.他们设立"农村教育成就项目",增加农村教育专项投入,全面统整农村社区和学校,对推动农村社区的教育发展产生了积极影响.

Current Situation and Reforms of Basic Education in American Rural Communities

American public schools are in rural communities, and 21%of the tatal mumber of students of the whole country are in these schools. The quality of rural education has a direct impact on the development and level of American education as well as the whole society.As a result of insufficient investment and lack of attention from the American society and government, the education circumstances, conditions and quality in rural communities deteriorated heavily.Since 1990s, American federal government, communities, schools and interest groups have begun to fight jointly against the predicament of rural elementary education. They set up rural education achievement program to add special capital to rural education, and popularized four models of wholly integrating rural society and school, which had a positive impact upon the development of education in rural communities.