中国农户的风险规避行为分析--以陕西为例

发展中国家农户往往缺乏包括社会保障和商业保险的正式风险规避机制,他们一般通过社会网络内风险统筹、跨时期收入转移、保守的生产行为来规避风险。对陕西省的实证研究表明,中国农村的正规风险规避机制基本处于缺失状态,而由于缺乏强制实施机制、存在流动性约束等原因,社会网络内的风险统筹和跨时期收入转移的作用受到限制。生产经营中的保守行为是农民规避风险的主要方式,但导致了农业经营的低效率。

Risk Avoiding Behavior of Chinese Farmers: An Empirical Study in Shanxi

There are often no formal mechanisms,such as social security and commercial insurance,to protect farmers from risks in developing countries.So the farmers usually avoid risks through the risk pooling in social network,transmitting income span periods and conservative production behavior.Our empirical study indicates that the formal institutions of risk avoiding are almost absent in the rural region of China.The effects of the risk pooling in social network and transmitting income span periods are limited because of the absence of forcible implement mechanism and liquidity constraint,so the conservative production behavior play the most important role,but it causes the low efficiency of running agriculture industry.