朱有燉与曹雪芹及《红楼梦》关系臆说

朱有燉系明初杂剧大家,曹雪芹以《红楼梦》名世。二者相去甚远,似乎毫无干系。其实不然,朱有燉杂剧在清代宫廷有着广泛影响力,曹氏家族与宫廷关系密切,故曹雪芹对朱有燉杂剧当不陌生;朱有燉贵为王侯,周藩系中原名藩,及至清代则风光不再,曹雪芹由朱有燉及周藩遭遇引发身世之痛,曹雪芹对朱有燉的接受存在事实依据;朱有燉喜好、对女性态度与曹雪芹很近,《红楼梦》中有所体现;朱有燉度脱剧封闭式的结构与《红楼梦》以神话开篇又以神话终结也颇为一致,种种迹象表明,二者之巧合看似偶然实有必然,虽无铁证,但合乎常理,与那些按图索驹式的考证、索引相比,更接近事实。

On Hypothetical Relationships between ZHU You-dun and CAO Xue-qin and His A Dream of Red Mansions

ZHU You-dun was a great composer of Yuan Zaju of early Ming Dynasty and CAO Xue-qin was famous for his A Dream of Red Mansions. The two persons lived in two different dynasties and they were remote from each other in time. And apparently, they had no relation with each other at all. In fact, it is not so. ZHU＇s Zaju had vast influence in Qing court. Cao＇s family was in close connection with the court. In this sense, CAO was not a stranger to ZHU＇s Zaju. ZHU was then a marquise and his original name had been Fan. To Qing Dynasty, his family was no longer in power. From the encountering of ZHU＇s family, CAO thought of his life and felt sad about his family＇s declination. His acceptance of ZHU had its own rea- sons. ZHU＇s hobbies and his attitude toward females were quite similar to those of CAO＇s, which were shown in the novel A Dream of Red Mansions. ZHU＇s closed structure of his Zaju was in accordance with the novel which both begins and ends with a myth. Various signs show that such coincidence seems accidental but inevitable actually. Though there is no evidence, it is in line with the common sense. Compared with those researches only in form, this is much closer to the truth.