义务教育道德与法治课标修订中“心理健康教育”的设置考量

心理健康教育是学校德育、思想政治教育的重要组成部分,更是义务教育阶段深入贯彻落实“立德树人,育人为本”的必然要求。国家和政府高瞻远瞩,启动义务教育阶段道德与法治课程标准的修订。在“生命安全与健康教育”框架下,新课程标准中对心理健康教育的设置主要围绕三个方面:一是围绕心理健康教学理念与目标,突出了思想性和发展性;二是围绕心理健康核心素养与教学内容,把健全人格、提高全体学生的心理健康素质放在首位,设置了纵向衔接、横向贯通的教学内容;三是围绕教学活动与评价,强化了活动作为主要路径,要结合多主体(教师、学生、专家)评价促成育人效果的转化。在此基础上,开设心理健康国家课程和地方专门课程、加强师资队伍建设、设计科学系统的教学活动等,这些是加强心理健康教育、实施该课程标准的可操作性的现实路径。

The Consideration on the Setting of"Mental Health Education"in the Revision of Compulsory Education Curriculum Standards of Morality and the Rule of Law

Mental health education is not only an important part of moral education and ideological and political education at school,but also an inevitable requirement for the in-depth implementation of "moral education and people-centered education" in the stage of compulsory education.The state and the government have taken a long-term view and initiated the revision of the curriculum standards of morality and the rule of law in the stage of compulsory education.Under the framework of "life safety and health education",the setting of mental health education in the new curriculum standards mainly focuses on three aspects.First,the concept and goal of mental health teaching highlight the ideological and developmental nature.Second,the core quality and teaching content of mental health have put improving personality and improving the mental health quality of all students in the first place,and set up the teaching content of vertical connection and horizontal connection.Third,teaching activities and evaluation strengthen the activities as the main path,and combine multi-agent(teachers,students and experts)evaluation to promote the transformation of educational effects.On this basis,setting up specialized national and local curriculum of mental health,strengthening the construction of teaching staff and designing scientific and systematic teaching activities are the operable and practical ways to strengthen mental health education and implement the curriculum standards.