贝娄短篇小说的叙事伦理——以《离别黄屋》、《如烟往事》、《莫斯比的回忆》为例

贝娄的《离别黄屋》、《如烟往事》、《莫斯比的回忆》这三部短篇小说，通过主要人物一生的种种经历，探讨了人生的价值和生活的意义。作者让叙述者进入主人公的心灵世界，以轻松风趣的笔调叙述其如何心平气和地面对过去：对历历往事的难以释怀、对亲情友情的魂牵梦萦、对是非成败的慨然评断。主人公深情的回忆以及叙述者从容的叙述使主人公人生的价值与生活的意义得以构建与阐释，同时，作者的价值取向与情感态度也得以逐渐呈现。通过对叙事对象的选择、提炼与把握，作者积极的、乐观的人文主义叙事伦理得到了完美的宣示。

Narrative Ethics of Saul Bellow＇s Stories——A Case Study of Leaving the Yellow House The Old System and Mosby＇s Memoirs

e Bellow＇s three famous stories, Leaving the Yellow House, The Old System and Mosby＇s Memoirs, through the protagonists＇life experiences,explore the values and meanings of life. The author lets the narrator enter the protagonist＇s inner world, and narrates, in a light and witty manner, how he faces the past peacefully： the heart-touching events,the deeply-involved ties with relatives and friends, and the fair judgments of rights and wrongs, successes and failures. The life values and meanings of the protagonists are constructed and expounded in their own e- motional recallings and the smooth narration of the narrator,and the author＇s value concepts and emotional attitudes are gradually exhibited. Via the choice, refinement and effective control of the narrative elements,the author realizes a perfect show of his active, affirmative and optimistic humanist narrative ethics.