关于社会主义的思考——世纪之交读《共产党宣言》

本文从三个方面对社会主义作了思考 ,在确定社会主义研究应当树立的基本观念的基础上 ,提出并分析了社会主义的多元特征 ,即一元的最高纲领与多元的阶段性纲领 ,一元的目标与多元的道路。通过分析当今发达资本主义国家和初级社会主义国家的历史走向 ,提出除了《共产党宣言》所揭示的两个必然之外 ,还有另外两个必然 ,即初级社会主义国家经过革命性的改革和建设 ,最终必然否定自己 ,而真正的或高级的社会主义必然实现

Reflection on Socialism

From three aspects to review socialism and on the basic principles to study socialism, this paper analyses the multi-elemens of socialism, one element of the highest leadership and several elements of leadership in a certain period. Based on the analysis on the present developed capitalist countries and the historical tendency of the primary socialist countries, the paper discovers two inevitable ways beside the two ways shown in Manefesto of the Communist Party, that is, the primary socialist countries will transform itself through the revolutionary reform and realize the true or highest socialism.