论洪堡的大学教学思想

在洪堡看来，大学教学的目的是培养出具有创造精神的人，具体来说是有修养的“完人”。因为科学是最适合培养“完人”的材料，所以大学是科学共同体。由此，为了培养出“完人”，“由科学达致修养”是大学教学的目的。为了实现这个目的，大学教师应是学者，大学教学内容要围绕纯科学设置，大学教学方法要实现“教一研一学”的统一。可见，创造理性是洪堡大学教学思想的规定，这成就了他的历史地位，也成就了柏林大学的历史地位。

HumboldtS Theory on Teaching in Higher Education

In Humboldt’s opinion,the purpose of higher education is to cultivate talent with creative spirit who is cultured as "Perfect Man".Because science is the most situable tool of cultivating "Perfect Man",so the university is a community of science.Therefore,in order to cultivate "Perfect Man",the purpose of higher education is to "Achieve Cultivation by Science".In order to achieve this goal,the university teachers should be scholars,the content of courses should centre on pure science,and the teaching methods should realize the unification of "Teaching-Researching-Learning".It is clear that creative rationality is the rule of Humboldt’s theory on teaching in Higher Education.This theory not only leads to Humboldt’s historical role,but also the success of University of Berlin in history.