从高中地理教科书看课程标准中概念的编订——以“城市的空间结构”和“城市地域结构”为例

《高中地理课程标准》中出现了"城市的空间结构"和"城市地域结构"两个概念,一般认为,前者指向城市内部研究,后者指向城市外部研究。通过人教版、湘教版、鲁教版、中图版以及上海使用的高中地理教科书相关内容的比较研究发现,各版本教科书在这两个概念的用词和含义上与课程标准存在"不一致",并引发了一些教科书编制的麻烦,其原因来自课程标准对这两个概念使用不当。对城市地理学中相关概念的考察进一步表明课程标准存在问题。修订的方案是:将课程标准中的"城市的空间结构"改为"城市地域结构",将课程标准中的"城市地域结构"改为"城市体系"。

Understanding the Concepts in the High School Geography Cnrriculum Standards from the Perspectire of Textbooks

Of the two concepts of"structure of urban space"and"structure of urban area"in the High School Geography Curriculum Standards,the former is generally held to refer to the internal urban study,while the latter refers to the ex- ternal urban study.This paper aims to examine whether there is consistency in the usage and connotation of the two terms.After a careful comparison of five different versions of textbooks currently used in high schools,it is found that there is no consistency among the various versions,and a great deal of trouble is brought into textbook desing due to the misuse of the two terms by the curriculum standards.A further investigation of related conceptions in urban geography reassures the existence of the mistake in the curriculum standards.A correction of the mistake is suggested that the term"structure of urban space"be changed into"structure of urban area,"and"structure of urban area"be changed into"ur- ban system."