基于区块链技术的电动汽车退役电池梯次利用方案研究

电动汽车动力电池精细化梯次利用成为亟待解决的难点问题。本文设计了基于区块链技术的动力电池梯次利用方案，建立了具有共识机制的电池全生命周期信息存储链。梯次利用场景包括电动汽车服役场景、能源互联网储能场景、废弃电池提炼等多级场景。该方案实现了去中心化、提高了数据安全和经济性，显著降低了梯级间的交易成本和检测成本，增加了电池的剩余价值。模拟测算结果表明，该方案可显著提高动力电池利用率，预估我国2030年电动汽车1亿辆保有量，约产生3879亿经济效益，相比目前两种梯次利用方案的2313亿、1351亿，增值约147.7%，53.4%。

Research on Echelon Utilization Scheme of Retired Electric Vehicle Batteries Based on Blockchain Technology

The refined echelon utilization of electric vehicle power battery has become a difficult problem to be solved. This paper designs a power battery echelon utilization scheme based on blockchain technology, and establishes a battery life cycle information storage chain with consensus mechanism. Echelon utilization scenarios include service scenarios of electric vehicles, energy storage scenarios of Energy Internet, and wasted battery refining scenarios. The scheme realizes decentralization, improves data security and economy, significantly reduces the transaction cost and detection cost between the steps, and increases the residual value of the batteries. The simulation results show that the scheme can significantly improve the utilization rate of power batteries. Based on the estimation of 100 million electric vehicles in China in 2030, the economic benefit will be 387.9 billion. Compared with the 231.3 billion and 135.1 billion of the other two echelon utilization schemes, the value added is about 147.7% and 53.4%.