基于信任的合同柔性改善项目管理绩效研究

发承包双方间的信任关系及合同柔性作为关系治理与合同治理的核心,被视为工程项目管理绩效保障的重要因素。然而,信任、合同柔性作为多维度概念,其深层影响关系并未得到充分解释。本文从信任、合同柔性以及项目管理绩效相互作用剖析入手,构建信任、合同柔性、项目管理绩效结构模型,并依据调查问卷的统计分析结果得出以下结论：诚信信任与能力信任正向影响合同柔性,且正向影响项目管理绩效。制度信任与合同柔性及项目管理绩效的关系并不显著。合同柔性的使用与项目管理绩效间存在显著正相关关系。最后,基于研究结论提出了相关管理启示。

A study of the improvement of project management performance by flexible contract based on trust

Trust between the employer and the contractor as well as contract flexibility as the core of relation governance and contract governance are regarded as important factors for guaranteeing project management performance. However, trust and contract flexibility are multi-dimensional concepts, and their deep impact relationships have not been adequately elucidated. In the theoretical research and practical operation of the improvement of project management performance, contract governance and relationship governance have been proved to be important research theories for improving project management performance. The two core elements of the above theories, contract flexibility and trust, have become the focus of research by scholars in the field of governance. However, research shows that in engineering practice, the combination of uncoordinated trust and flexible contract can not only fail to promote the improvement of project management performance, but even increase the risk in reverse, leading to reduction of project performance level. At the root of this, there is no clear research on the relationship between trust and contract as well as the mechanism of their influence on project management performance.In view of the relationship between trust and contract flexibility, the field of empirical research has initially formed stage results. However, contract flexibility is still analyzed and discussed as an integrated theoretical construct, and the influence of trust and contract flexibility on project management performance is not studied. The conceptual research results show that trust and contract flexibility are both multi-dimensional theoretical constructs, and lack of research on the relationship between the construct dimensions leads to the fuzzy state of the influence mechanism of trust on contract flexibility in the gray box, which cannot effectively explain the relationship between trust, contract flexibility and project management performance.Based on "relationship management, contract management, project management performance," the main line of the study, embedded trust and flexible contract are two research variables, trying to further reveal the relationship between trust and flexible contract, and their inner link with project management performance, for existing in the engineering project organization provide theoretical complement relationship management and contract management research. On the basis of the definition of the variable to construct, there will be variable dimension, and the theory model is set up, mainly from the following three aspects of research: first, based on trust, flexible contract and the performance of project management research, this paper builds up a trust, flexible contract, and the performance of project management theory research model, and further puts forward systematic research hypotheses; second, based on the questionnaire research method, this paper explores the internal relationship between trust, contract flexibility and project management performance in different dimensions; and finally, according to the research conclusion, the corresponding management enlightenment is put forward, and the prospect of the follow-up research is put forward.In conclusion, based on the analysis of contract flexibility, trust and project management performance, this paper constructs the structure model including trust, contract flexibility and project management performance, implement empirical analysis. Based on the statistical analysis results of the questionnaire, we concluded that: integrity-based trust and competence-based trust positively affect contract flexibility, and positively affect project management performance. The relationships between institution-based trust and contract flexibility and project management performance are not significant. There is a significant positive correlation between contract flexibility and project management performance. Based on the research framework of "relationship governance - contract governance - project management performance", this paper embedded trust and contract flexibility, further revealed the relationship between trust, contract flexibility and project management performance, and constructed the structural model of trust, contract flexibility and project management performance. It provides theoretical supplement for the research on relationship governance and contract governance in existing engineering project organizations.Through empirical research and comparative analysis, the following conclusions are drawn: the two contracting parties based on each other's good faith trust and ability trust have a significant positive impact on the project management performance and the setting of flexible terms of the contract; However, mutual institution-based trust fails to have a significant impact on project management performance and the setting of contract flexibility. The contract flexibility set by the contracting parties in the contract terms has a significant positive impact on the project management performance.Finally, based on the conclusions, the study puts forward the relevant management implication. This research focuses on the analysis of the improvement mechanism of project management performance and the role type of the trust relationship between the contracting parties based on the trust contract flexibility. The improvement of project performance by mutual trust in contracting is reflected in that both parties of the contract increase the proportion of flexible terms in the contract when concluding the contract, and the employer gives the contractor more autonomy through the flexible contract on the premise of trust. Contractors are effectively incentivized within the flexible contract framework to achieve continuous improvement of project management performance.Therefore, the following two approaches can be adopted in project management practice to improve project management performance by using trust and contract flexibility:(1) Both parties sign the contract with strong flexibility on the premise of trust, so as to deal with the uncertain emergencies in the implementation stage of the project. Under the relatively loose contract flexible constraint, the contractor can timely deal with it, so as to promote close cooperation between the contracting parties, so as to achieve the goal of improving project management performance.(2) The contract both sides based on the premise of trust in into flexible factors in the separate clause in the contract, pay more attention to the terms of the contract, of the looser, motivation for later in the process of engineering construction based on price changes, force majeure and engineering change losses, so as to promote the continuous improvement of project management performance.