焦作市煤矿塌陷地生物复垦技术研究

焦作市煤矿区是一个有着近百年历史的老矿区。长期以来 ,地下采煤引起的大面积土地塌陷以及矸石山压占土地对本地区土地资源造成较大的破坏。为了改善矿区环境 ,针对焦作矿区的特殊情况 ,笔者提出以下几种生物复垦措施对复垦地土壤进行改良 :酸碱中和法、绿肥法、施用化肥和农家肥、微生物法。试验结果表明 :生物复垦技术是改善新土壤层的养分状况 ,增加有机质和保肥能力的最有效方式。采用生物复垦措施后 ,新土壤层的土壤结构明显地得到改善 ,土壤容重明显降低 ,理化特性得到改善 ;试种的作物产量与工程复垦后土壤的相比明显增加 ,基本接近普通农田的水平

A Study on Organism Reclamation Technique in the Subsided Jiaozuo Coal Mining Area

The coal mining area around Jiaozuo City has a history of nearly 100 years. For many years, large areas of subsided land caused by coal mining under ground and large waste tips have destroyed the land resource seriously. In order to improve the environment of mining area, the authors put forward the following methods of organism reclamation to ameliorate the soil according to specific conditions of Jiaozuo mining area: (1) acid_alkali neutralization method, (2) green manure method, (3) chemical fertilizer and farm manure method, (4) microorganism method. Trial farming concludes as follows: 1. The organism reclamation technique is the most effective way to improve the soil nutrient condition and the fertilizer preservation; 2. After organism reclamation, the composition of the new soil has greatly been improved, unit weight of soil has been lowered down, the physics and chemical properties turn better; 3. After organism reclamation, the output of trial crops is obviously increased than that of on engineering reclamation soil, and close to ordinary farm field.