变化环境下城市暴雨致灾防御对策与建议

2021年7月20日，河南郑州发生特大暴雨，强度和范围突破历史记录，远超城乡防洪排涝能力，导致城市内涝、河流洪水、山洪滑坡等多灾并发，是一次造成重大人员伤亡和财产损失的特别重大自然灾害。放眼全国，谋划未来，建议：深刻认识气候变化和快速城市化对城市洪涝灾害防治的显著影响，提高变化环境下城市洪涝灾害风险意识；将防御洪涝作为确定城市建设空间规划的刚性约束，动态修订相关规划，加快构建城市防御洪涝灾害的工程体系；多措并举，科学提升城市防灾减灾与应急管理水平。

Prevention Countermeasures and Suggestions for Urban Rainstorm Disasters Under Changing Environment

On July 20, 2021, an extraordinary rainstorm struck Zhengzhou, Henan Province, marked a new intensity record over China mainland. This rainstorm exceeded the capacity of drainage and flood protection systems in the urban districts and its surrounding rural areas of the city, and thus caused extensive inundation and flooding. This is an extraordinary severe natural disaster with heavy casualties and property loss. To have a broad view over the whole country and to look into the future for rainstorm disaster prevention, we proposed the following suggestions in this study. First, we must recognize the significant impact of the climate change and rapid urbanization on the prevention and mitigation of urban rainstorm disasters, and sharpen our risk awareness under the changing environments. Second, we should put rainstorm disaster prevention as a rigid constraint for urban space arrangement and development, revise the related planning correspondingly, and construct the urban infrastructure system for disaster prevention at a faster pace. Third, we should take multiple measures comprehensively to promote emergency management, for rainstorm disaster prevention, and mitigation of cities in a scientific way.