Experimental Investigation and Modelling for the Optimisation of Conduction Cooled HTS Hybrid Current Leads for SMES

Ａｔｐｒｅｓｅｎｔ,Ｂｉ(2 2 2 3) /Ａｇｍｕｌｔｉｆｉｌａｍｅｎｔａｒｙｓｕｐｅｒ ｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｉｎｇｔａｐｅｓａｒｅｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｓｕｉｔａｂｌｅｈｉｇｈｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｓｕｐｅｒｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｏｒｓ (ＨＴＳ)ｔｏｂｅａｐｐｌｉｅｄｔｏｓｕ ｐｅｒｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｉｎｇｍａｇｎｅｔｉｃｅｎｅｒｇｙｓｔｏｒａｇｅ(ＳＭＥＳ) ,ｓｕｐｅｒ ｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｉｎｇｍａｇｎｅｔｓ,ｓｕｐｅｒｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｉｎｇｆａｕｌｔｃｕｒｒｅｎｔｌｉｍ ｉｔｅｒｓａｎｄｃｕｒｒｅｎｔｌｅａｄｓ,ｅｔ…

Experimental Investigation and Modelling for the Optimisation of Conduction Cooled HTS Hybrid Current Leads for SMES

It′s important that HTS tapes have lower thermal conductivity and higher transversal resistivity in order to reduce the heat leaks conducted along the tapes and AC losses in the high temperature superconducting system conduction-cooled by GM coolers. This paper presents an experimental investigation into the effects of pure Ag and AgAu alloys sheath materials on the properties of Bi(2223) multifilamentary tapes and the optimisation of conduction-cooled hybrid current leads made from copper and Bi(2223)/Ag or Bi(2223)/AgAu tapes. The thermal conductivity of the tapes were measured by cryogenic steady heat flux method and the resistance was measured by using standard DC four-probe method at low temperature. The results showed that the reduction of thermal conductivity by the addition of Au into the sheath material of Bi(2223) tapes was 650%, 750% and 850% lower than that of pure Ag sheathed Bi(2223) tapes and the increase of resistivity was 4.9, 10 and 19.4 times higher than that of pure Ag for the addition of 2.20%, 5.70% and 10.70%Au(atom ratio) respectively. And the study also attempts to optimise thermodynamically the conduction-cooled hybrid current lead by using a developed model, which took the irreversibility of commercial GM coolers, the contact resistance and thermal conductance into account. Predictions from the model showed that AgAu alloys were suitable candidate materials to replace Ag as sheath material of Bi(2223) tapes applied in HTS current leads. In addition, Bi(2223)/AgAu was a suitable material to be applied as the HTS section of hybrid current leads in conduction-cooled superconducting electric systems.