教育政策:一个结构主义的分析视角

西方结构功能主义理论、科学革命结构理论、制度经济学关于制度变迁理论以及西方政策过程理论为理解教育政策的结构生成和结构变迁提供了有益的分析框架。教育政策本身的复杂丰富性启示我们必须从结构和动态生成的角度对其进行理解和把握。教育政策结构由外围层、中间层、核心层三个部分组成。三个层面之间进行的复杂的交互作用决定着教育政策的不同类型和教育政策变迁的不同范式。教育政策结构变迁从变迁的道路上看,有“由外而内”与“由内而外”两种;从变迁的途径上看,有“路径依赖”与“路径创新”两种;从变迁的动力上看,有“自然演进”与“理性构建”两种。

Educational Policy from the Perspective of Structuralism

Western structure-functionalism theory,structure theory of scientific revolution,institutional transfer theory and western policy process theory have provided for us a helpful framework of analysis in understanding the generation and transfer of structure of educational policies,the complexity and richness of which give us an implication that we must understand and master it from the angle of structure and dynamic generation.The educational policies consist of three parts of outside,middle and core,the complex interaction of which determines the types and patterns of transfer of educational policies.Looking from the route of transfer,the educational policies change both from the outside to the inside and from the inside to the outside;looking from the approach of transfer,they are both dependent and innovative;looking from the motives,they include the natural evolution and the rational construction.