谱牒:记录中华历史文化的又一宝藏

谱牒是人类对其自身繁衍谱系的理性认知,谱牒的编撰形成了民族的历史记忆,对中华民族凝聚力形成起了重要的历史作用。以《世本》为代表的先秦谱牒,为正史编纂的主要来源之一,在中国古代的历史典籍中占有重要地位。谱牒种类繁多,内容丰富,堪称家族历史的全面记录,其缺欠是女性资料较少登载。谱牒修纂的流弊是在追溯远祖世系时多攀附名贵,但亦存在不援古、不攀附、重考证、重事实、断自可见之世的成熟之作,这是中国古代谱牒史上的主要流派。对各种谱牒须加以分辨,采取实事求是的科学态度。至今存留于世数量巨大的各类谱牒,是中华历史文化的珍贵遗产之一。作为中国古代特有的三大文献体系之一,谱牒保存了其他任何文献都没有记载的珍贵史料,堪称记录中华历史文化的又一宝藏。

Records of Family Pedigree: Another Treasure of Recording Chinese Historical Culture

Records of family pedigree is mankind’s rational cognition of its propagation and the compiling of the records has formed historical memory of Chinese nation,playing a significant role in national cohesion.Shiben,a representative of records of family pedigree in the pre-Qin days,is one of the main sources of compiling official history and plays an important role in Ancient Chinese historical books.There are a variety of records of family pedigree,rich in content,so they can be regarded as comprehensive records of family history and the flaw is the lack of women’s data.The abuse of compiling records is to seek connections with celebrities and nobilities when tracing back to ancestors.But there are still some mature works which do not seek connections with ancient celebrities and focus on the facts,which is the main school in Chinese ancient compiling.Take a factual and realistic attitude towards the records of family pedigree.All kinds of them in great number are one of the precious treasures of Chinese culture.As one of three documentary systems,records of family pedigree contain rare historical materials that cannot be found in other documents.Thus,they can be viewed as another treasure of recording Chinese historical culture.