当前我国农民阶层政治参与的形式与特征

选举式参与、决策式参与、管理式参与、监督式参与、信访式参与、越级上访、个别接触、诉诸媒体等,是当下农民阶层政治参与的主要形式。但在农村社会分化进程加剧的当下,农民阶层政治参与的以下特点更为凸显:一、农民阶层政治参与不均衡,管理精英参与积极且参与空间大,普通村民选择空间有限且"被动参与"态势明显;二、制度化参与形式不均衡,选举式参与较强,而管理式参与、监督式参与和决策参与较弱;三、非制度化参与衍生并扩大,广大村民对非制度化的参与渠道呈过度依赖态势;四、在参与层次上,"出场式"参与和"表达式"参与仍占主导地位,"对话式"参与和"共治性"参与还未真正实现。这些特点的存在不仅直接影响农村利益关系和利益矛盾的协调,而且影响着基层政府治理能力的提升。

The Styles and the Characteristics of the Peasantry Political Participation in China

The participation of electoral style, the participation participation of supervised style, the participation of Petition style, of decision - making style, the participation of managing style, the the petition bypass local authorities . the individual contacts and complaining to the media are main styles of political participation of peasantry currently. But now exacerbated in rural social differentiation process, the following characteristics of the peasantry political participation is even more pronounced. 1. The political participation of the peasantry is not balanced （management elites participate in rural politic actively and they have many chances; the ordinary villagers are limited in a small space for political participation and their ＂passive participation＂ are obvious ） ： 2. Institutionalized styles of participation are not balanced, the participation of electoral style is much stronger than the participation of decision - making style, the participation of managing style and the participation of supervised style; 3. the participation of non - institutionalized styles are expanding, and the villagers＇ over- reliance on those styles is getting developed a obvious trend. 4.On the participation layers, the participation of the appearance style and the participation of the expression style still account for the dominant position, and the pamcipation of conversation and the participation of shared governance have not yet been realized. The presence of these features not only directly affects the coordination of rural interest relations, but influences the improvement of the governance capacity of grassroots government.