语境与语用理解

关联理论主张用关联原则来解释人类的交际活动。关联理论把语境看作是变项，把交际活动看作是利用语境假设来研究话语内容的学科。这里的语境假设可以理解为产生于人们的认知语境，即人们对情景知识(具体场合)、语言上下支知识(工作记忆)和背景知识(知识结构)的认知。在语言交际过程中，人们常利用认知语境中的内容来对话语进行理解和推导，有助于人们对文学作品的理解和欣赏。

Context and Pragmatic Comprehension

Relevance Theory proposes that the principle of relevance be used to interpret human communication. In Relevance Theory, context is regarded as a variable and we use the context assumption to interpret an utterance. Here, the context assumption derives from cognitive context, which includes situation knowledge (specific scene), context knowledge (work memory) and background knowledge (knowledge structure). In language communication, the content of cognitive context is usually applied to interpret an utterance. What's more, it can also be applied to appreciate literary works.