基于耗散结构理论的国际河流水资源合作开发系统

随着世界水危机日益加剧,国际河流水资源的合作开发日显重要。本文将国际河流水资源合作开发系统视为一个政治、经济、生态、社会、文化复合耗散系统,在对系统环境及行为主体进行分析的基础上,运用解释结构模型（ISM）划分了该系统的内部子系统结构,指出沟通协调子系统是影响系统运行的最核心部分,水资源载体子系统是系统运行的基础。相关利益主体对国际河流水资源合作开发的利益诉求差异、合作开发带来的生态破坏问题、信息共享力度不够、政治争端、管理效率递减等问题都会使得系统熵值增加,阻碍合作开发活动的开展,而良好的政治局势、人财物等方面支持、生态修复及补偿机制、国际涉水制度的完善等则会使系统熵值减少,促进合作的有效开展。在根据熵增和熵减影响因素设计指标体系的基础上,本文构建了国际河流水资源合作开发系统熵模型,并对不同总熵值下应采取的措施给出了建议。

An international river water resource development cooperation system based on dissipative structure theory

The global water crisis is growing day by day and cooperation in international river water resource development is more and more important.Here weconsiderinternational river water resource development cooperation asa political, economic, ecological, socialand cultural dissipative and complex system. Based on system environment and behavior and interpretative structural modeling of internal subsystem structures, we point out that the communication coordination subsystem is acore part of the system running effect, and water carrier subsystem is the foundation of system operation.We found that barriers to cooperation include river-related differences, demands of stakeholders, th ecological destruction caused by cooperation and development, information sharing, politicaland military disputes, efficiency of governments and enterprise management.Promoters of effective cooperation include good political situations, human support, financial support, ecological restoration and compensation mechanisms, and an improved international wading regime.Based on increasing and decreasing entropy based on factors affecting index systemdesign, we constructinternational river water cooperation via a system entropy model, discussmeasures under the total entropy of different suggestions, and provide specific guidance for international river water resource cooperation.