新一代静止气象卫星成像仪特性研究

世界各国新一代静止轨道气象卫星陆续发射升空，成像仪是主要载荷之一。通过对美国、日本、欧洲和中国等新一代静止气象卫星成像仪特性的研究分析，客观认识我国静止气象卫星水平的差距和不足，为我国风云四号02星成像仪特性优化提供参考。在波段设置方面，欧美日均为16个通道，我国的FY-4A为14个光谱通道；在时空分辨率方面，各国水平相当，略有差异，可见光波段分辨率为0.5~1km，红外波段2~4km，全圆盘观测10~15min；在观测模式方面，FY-4A的多通道扫描成像辐射计和MTG的灵活组合成像仪先进行一次全圆盘观测，再进行多次区域观测，不同扫描资料时间间隔不均等。GOES-R的先进基线成像仪和Himawari-8的先进葵花成像仪观测时间采用碎片化设计，即各种扫描模式交叉进行，不同扫描资料时间间隔均等，非常有利于预报员对天气进行系统分析。

The Characteristics Study of the New Generation of Geostationary Meteorological Satellite Imager

The imager is one of the main payloads of the new generation of geostationary meteorological satellite. Through the research and analysis of the characteristics of the imager of the United States， Japan， Europe and China， Our strengths and weaknesses can be objectively understood， which can provide reference for the optimization of the characteristics of China's FY-4B satellite imager. In terms of band setting， Europe， America and Japan is 16 channels， while FY-4A is 14 spectral channels； In terms of spatiotemporal resolution， all countries are at the same level. The resolution of visible band is 0.5-1km and that of infrared band is 2-4km， and complete full disk scan in 15 minutes. For scan mode， AGRI and FCI have had full disk observation and then begin regional observation， the ABI and AHI have adopted a fragmented design in which various scanning patterns are intersected with equal time intervals between different scanning data， which is very conducive to the analysis of weather systems by forecasters.