植物种子的传播方式及其适应性

种子传播是指种子以某种方式离开母株到达适宜生境萌发成苗实现定居的过程.种子传播方式有主动传播、被动传播,后者有风力传播、水力传播、动物传播、人类活动传播.植物种子的传播方式在很大程度上是与其生活环境相适应的,不同的生境有与此相适应的种子传播方式,种子的形态结构特点常与其传播方式相适应.在长期的协同进化中,传播种子的动物与植物之间形成了互惠共生关系,这对维持群落结构及其稳定性具有重要的意义.

The Dispersal Ways of Plant Seeds and Their Adaptability

Seed dispersal is the movement or transport of seeds away from the parent individuals in some ways to germinate and then settle seedling in appropriate habitats. The ways of seed dispersal are divided into active and passive type, and the latter way includes wind dispersal, water dispersal, animal dispersal and human action dispersal. The dispersal ways of plant seeds are suitable to its living environment to a large extent, and the plants in different habitats have adapted to their ways of seed dispersal, and morphological and structural characteristics of seeds are often matched its dispersal way. In the long-term, co- evolution, a symbiotic relationship, was formed between plant and animals of dispersing seeds, which is of great importance to maintain the structure and stability of community.