Lower extremity injuries in vehicle-pedestrian collisions using a legform impactor model

Though the bumper of a vehicle plays a major role in protecting the vehicle body against damage in low speed impacts,many bumpers,particularly in large vehicles,are too stiff for pedestrian protection.In designing a bumper for an automobile,pedestrian protection is as important as bumper energy absorption in low speed collisions.To prevent lower extremity injuries in car-pedestrian collisions,it is important to determine the loadings that car front structures impart on the lower extremities and the mechanis...