构建制度环境 引导社会资金投向科学研究

包含基础研究和应用研究的科学研究是创新的源头，对科学研究活动的资助有助于缔造新产品和催生新业态，进而带来持续的经济增长和较高的经济回报。但科学研究活动具有高风险、不确定性等特征，与追求利润导向的社会资金天然存在鸿沟，难以获其青睐。针对这个问题，文章系统梳理了我国社会资金投入科学研究的基本情况，分析了社会资金投入不足的主要原因，同时对政府引导基金和领军企业愿意重金投入科学研究的典型案例进行总结，研究科学活动逻辑与资本投资逻辑共生协同的可能性，提出应加强公共政策的体系化设计，消弭和平滑投资风险、助推投资偏好沿创新链前移，建构驱动社会资金向科学研究集聚的支撑性制度环境。

Constructing Supportive Institutional System to Attract Social Investments to Fund Scientific Research

Innovation always originates from scientific research (basic research and applied research). Investing in scientific research can create new products and new industries, and bring continuous and huge profit. It appeals to a wide range of social investment from market to fund scientific research in recent years. Such economical return, however, is often thwarted by the high risk and uncertainty of scientific research. The main obstacle to the social investments funding scientific research is analyzed in this paper and then some examples are presented as well. It illustrates that it is crucial for public policy to shorten the gap between the science and market in order to make it easier for all kinds of social capital to support innovation. The main challenge for policy makers is to determine the priority of innovation and to reduce the risks, and it is of great essence to construct a supportive system for social investment funding scientific research.