论宋代枢密使之势衰

枢密使一职始置于唐后期,以宦官充任,五代时改由士人充任,后又逐渐被武臣所掌握,办事机构也日益完善。为适应连年战争的局面,枢密使把军政大权握于一己之手以便宜从事,枢密使的职掌范围扩大到了极限,枢密使的地位迅速上升,"权侔于宰相"。但到了宋代,枢密使制又发生了变化,其任职者由五代时的武将逐渐转为以文官担任,职权范围逐步缩小。文章试图厘清宋代枢密使权势变化及其原因。

The Up-and-Down of Shumishi in Song Dynasty

The post of Shumishi began at post Tang Dynasty.At first eunuchs were appointed for the post,later scholars took the post in Wudai,and gradually army men were in charge with a developed institution.To fit for years of wars,Shumishi mastered the administrative and military power at hand with extreme scope of power.Their power was as heavy as Prime Minister.The system changed in Song Dynasty,the scholars took the power with dwindling power scope.The and changes as well as the reasons for that have been discussed in this paper.