科研产品政府供给问题的探讨

从社会经济活动的角度来看，科研成果可以称之为科研产品。科研产品在供给上的非竞争性比较明显，在消费或使用过程中的排他性程度与它在科研活动所处的阶段有关。科学知识、技术发明、可以商业化的技术或知识分别是不同科研活动所产生的科研产品，由于它们的排他性强度不同，政府对它们的投入比例应该有所不同。WTO关于政府对科研活动补贴的规定也反映了科研产品的竞争性与排他性是决定政府投入比例的重要因素。

An exploration of the government supply of scientific research products

From the perspective of social economic activities, findings of scientific research can be called scientific research products. It is evident that scientific research products are uncompetitive on supply side, and the extent of their exclusiveness on demand side is related to the stage on which the current scientific research lives. On the basis of different categories of scientific research, products take various forms such as scientific knowledge, scientific invention as well as technology or knowledge that can be transformed for commercial purposes. In view of their different exclusiveness, government should adopt corresponding input ratios. WTO regulations on the government subsidy for scientific research reflect the same notion that competitiveness and exclusiveness of scientific research products play important role in determining government input ratios.