论《虞美人》词调在唐宋时期的流变

词调《虞美人》来源于唐代教坊曲,其本事源于美女虞姬,中唐以后又连及虞美人草,其题材内容上多写闺情与花草当与之相关,属艳曲。李煜用来写家国之悲,拓展了题材,苏轼、辛弃疾等用之写送别、咏怀、赠答内容,进一步扩大了词境。风格也不限于婉约一端,形式上,从花间开始逐渐定型,冯延巳最终完成。其后填词均以冯词为准,成为定式。《虞美人》词调的流变既反映了宋人的声情与调情观念,又对之有所超越。说明声情与调情是相对的。

On The Flowage of the Tune "Yu Mei Ren" in the Tang and Song Dynasties

Originating from Chiao Fang in the Tang dynasty,the tune Yu Mei Ren was named after the beautiful lady Yu and connected with a kind of weed since the middle Tang dynasty.Mainly focused on boudoir life and flowers and plants,it belonged to love tune.Its context was extended by Li Yu,who used it to express grief over his collapsed state,and Su Shi and Xin Qiji,who used it for describing feelings of parting,expressing other emotion and presenting poems.It is not merely confined to graceful and restrained style.As to its form,its fixed form shaping from HuaJian-Ci poetry,was established by Feng Yansi eventually and was followed by others.The flowage of the tune Yu Mei Ren exceeded the emotion of sound and tune of Song people as reflecting them,which showed the emotion existed relatively in sound and tune.