| 摘 要： | Unlike many large Chinese cities with a long history, Qingdao is relatively a newcomer, being nothing but a fishing village until the end of the 19th century. The area of which Qingdao is located today is called Jiao＇ao. In 1891, the Qing Government decided to make the area a primal, defense base against naval attacks and planned the construction of a city. Little was done, however, until 1897 when the city was ceded to Germany. Soon after the outbreak of World War Ⅰ in 1914, Japan occupied Qingdao and the surrounding province after its declaration of war on Germany.
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