Twenty years of research on advance organizers: Assimilation theory is still the best predictor of results |
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Authors: | Mayer Richard E. |
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Affiliation: | (1) Dept. of Psychology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Calif., U.S.A. |
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Abstract: | Forty-four published research studies involving advance organizers were reviewed. Twenty-seven studies included an advance organizer vs. a control group (standard advance organizer study) and 17 studies included an advance organizer vs. a post organizer group (modified advance organizer study). Results of the studies were compared to the predictions of several theories. In addition, four specific predictions of assimilation theory were evaluated: that advance organizers should have a stronger effect for poorly organized text than for well organized text, that advance organizers should have a stronger positive effect for learners lacking prerequisite knowledge, that advance organizers should have a stronger effect for learners lacking prerequisite abilities, and that advance organizers should have an especially strong effect on measures of transfer rather than retention. |
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