教育行政信息公开制度的 实践诉求与规范路径

本文选取近十年来北京、天津、上海、重庆四个直辖市涉及教育行政信息公开的法院判决书为样本，以样本案例中的公开事项、不予公开事由、裁判依据、裁判结果四个角度为切入点对教育行政信息公开制度实施情况进行分析。研究发现：教育行政信息公开实践中存在依申请公开事项仍可细化、主动公开事项不到位，不予公开事由繁杂、申请人权益保障受限，法院裁判依据多样、地方政府规章适用率不高，行政相对人胜诉率偏低、法院对行政监督乏力等实施境况，呈现出强化公开事项的责任意识、厘清不予公开的事项范围、增扩信息公开的制度依据和加大信息公开的监督力度等方面的诉求。新时期，为加快教育治理现代化进程，在教育行政信息公开制度的发展中应进一步夯实信息公开主体规范，全面推行负面清单制度，提升信息公开制度实效，优化信息公开监督机制。

The Educational Administrative Information Disclosure System of Practical Demands and Improvement Path

This study selects court judgments involving the disclosure of educational administrative information in four municipalities directly under the Central Government in the past ten years as samples, taking the open matters, reasons for non-disclosure, judgment basis, and judgment results in the sample cases as the entry point. In the practice of education administrative information disclosure, there are still details that can be disclosed according to the application, the active disclosure of the matters is not in place, the reasons for not being disclosed are complicated, and the protection of the applicant''s rights and interests is limited, the court judgment basis is diverse, the application rate of local government regulations is not high, the practical situation such as the low success rate of the administrative counterpart and the weak court supervision over the administration. The results showed the demands of strengthening the sense of responsibility for public matters, clarifying the scope of matters not to be disclosed, expanding the institutional basis for information disclosure, and increasing the supervision of information disclosure. In the new era, in order to accelerate the modernization process of education governance, we should further consolidate the norms of information disclosure subjects, fully implement the negative list system, improve the effectiveness of the information disclosure system, and optimize the information disclosure supervision mechanism.