当代老学道论研究的基本哲学问题解析

本文讨论了当代学者袁保新和吴汝钧先生对于陈康、方东美、唐君毅、牟宗三等人的老子道论研究意见,指出,讨论老子道论的进路应该侧重老子哲学的基本哲学问题意识,从基本哲学问题意识理解老子道概念的多重使用意义,如此将可厘清学界对于老子论道究竟何义的争议。实际上老子以道概念讨论了存有论问题,以及价值意识的本体论问题,此两路数的命题主张是不能互为推演的。而价值义的本体论问题则能与论工夫、论境界问题合构为一整套互为推演的系统。同样的,老子的无概念亦被安置在这两套不同的哲学问题中表述,这点吴汝钧先生实已见出。存有论义的道论以及价值进路的本体论义的道论的解析架构,将不仅有助于解析老子的哲学系统,同样地将在整个中国哲学史上各家冲突之解消中发挥极有效益的澄清功能。

The Study Of Modern Theory Of Tao In The Laotzu Through The Analysis Of Basic Philosophical Problems

This article is going to study the modern academic achievement of the study of the theory of Tao in the Laotzu through the reflection of the opinions suggested by professor Yuan Bao-xin and Wu Ru-jun.Both of them had discussed the other modern scholars' opinions about the Laotzu theory of Tao,among them are including Mou Zong-san,Tang Jun-yi,Fang Dong-mei,Chen Kang.The main problem comes about is focused on what on purpose the concept of Tao was suggested by Laotzu.Following this problem are some interpretational conflicts such as the way Laotzu get his understanding of the Tao and the contents in the Theory of Tao are not able to deduce to each other.The propose an interpretational system to resolve these problems through the analysis of the basic philosophical problem by telling that all the conflicts were based on confuse of different philosophical problems.There are actually two kinds of philosophical problems going on in the way of thinking inside the Laotzu theory of Tao.First,through the intellectual ability of speculative Laotzu discussed the theory of being via the concept of Tao telling its abstract characteristic.Second,through the intellectual ability of intuition Laotzu discussed the theory of value via the concept of Tao telling the ultimate principle of value and the way to cultivate oneself and the perfect personality.These two kinds of philosophical thinking are independently proceed they can not deduce to each other,but among themselves the theoretical connection is tightly.Accordingly,in the reflection of the methodology of Chinese philosophy,the paper suggests that in the modern study of the Laotzu philosophy and the other Chinese philosophy the philosophical problem of the Ontology should be separated into two parts: one is the theory of being,the other is the theory of value.Then,many interpretational conflicts will be canceled reasonably.