基于复杂网络视角下中国体育产业结构特征研究

以2015年中国投入产出表为基础,切割了体育产业投入产出基本数据,将体育产业内部构成之间的非线性关系置于复杂网络系统,从“整体”“单点”“亚结构”3个层次刻画了体育产业结构的复杂性特征。研究表明:1)在研究期间,中国体育产业结构具有小世界网络特征,体育产业内部环形网络经济已经形成,但整体产业部门间联系不紧密,依赖于实物性的单向支持,影响了体育产业结构的溢出效益;2)不同产业部门在结构网中存在不同位置与角色,其中,实物性产业部门对于其他产业部门向前带动效果显著,而体育产品流通与经济技术交叉融合部门对其他产业部门向后支撑效果显著。体育用品及相关产品制造业有较强的辐射力与控制力,对部门间体育经济活动集散和中转作用较强,具备主导其他产业的实力。体育竞赛表演活动和体育场馆服务业与细分产业部门形成了一定的关联关系,在体育产业结构网络中具有一定的中介作用,是体育产业结构优化的关键部门;3)体育产业网络结构中存在“结构对等”的集聚子群,可划分为四大“模块”。模块之间互动关系呈现较为复杂的嵌套式产业链,提出“自反性”板块的特征。

Research on the Feature of Chinese Sports Industry Structure Based on the Perspective of Complex Networks

This paper puts the nonlinear relationship among the internal compositions of the sports industry into a complex network system,and depicts the complexity of the sports industry structure from three levels:“whole”,“single point”and“sub-structure”,through cutting the basic data of the sports industry of input and output in 2015.The results show that:1)During the research period,Chinese sports industry structure has a small world network characteristic,and the circular network economy within the sports industry has been formed,but the overall industrial sectors are not closely connected.The structural network relies on the one-way support of physicality,which greatly affects the spillover of the related benefits of the sports industry.2)Different industrial sectors have different positions and roles in the structural network.Among them,the physical industrial sector has a significant effect on other industrial sectors,while the cross-integration sector of sports product circulation and economic technology has a significant effect on the backward support of other industrial sectors.Owing to the strong radiation and control power,the sporting goods manufacturing industry has strong effects on the distribution and transfer of inter-sector sports economic activities in the sports industry structure network.It also has the strength to dominate other industries.The sports competition performance industry and the venue service industry are the key departments to optimize the sports industry structure.3)There are clusters of“structure equivalence”in the sports industry network structure,which can be divided into 4 modules.The interaction between modules presents a more complex nested industry chain,and proposes the characteristics of the“reflexive”sectors.