从新进化论看民族与文化的发生

在古典进化论看来，民族及其文化的发生是一个直线进化的过程。文化传播认为，文化的产生极其艰难，只能是有创造力的民族产生以后，通过文化传播而实现了文化的发展。民族的发生包含：首先是文化维系的人们共同体的出现；其次是异文化的分别出现以及异文化人们共同体的并存。尽管人类历史自始便具有一种不容忽视的基本的统一性，但是，人类从这样的起点走出极为漫长的路途后，人类文化依然呈现出千差万别，而体现出人类文化的多样性。

Nations and Cultures Produced from Views of New Evolution

The production of nations and cultures is a straight line evolution course based on the classical evolution. However, the culture media persons think that it is very difficult to produce culture. Only after the nations who are of creative powers produced can the culture be development by means of the cultures spread. The production of nations included that firstly the culture links the human community, and the secondly the different cultures and the different nations with different cultures being together. Although the basic unification of human being in historic culture, the cultures of human being varied greatly and it diversified after the long time development. In order to comprehend and explain the fundamental issue where human being from and to, it is necessary to explore the issue of production of nations and the issue of production of nations and development of cultures.