体育社会功能多元化背景下的体育专业（方向）设置架构探究

本文调查了近年来竞技体育社会功能的持续多元化现象，并以此为背景深入研究了体育专业（方向）设置架构创新、改革的途径与方式。通过研究发现，我国现行的体育人才培养模式主要存在以下问题：（1）培养方向过度细化导致核心目标的缺失；（2）模式过度离散化导致理论与实践相互孤立；（3）体系过度离散化阻碍了学科之间的融会贯通。针对上述三个主要问题指出，突出专业核心目标的同时因材施教、体教并重以及强调不同学科之间的交互，是解决问题的根本途径。此外，文章还以德国科隆体院的树形培养模式，美国春田学院采用的网络式培养模式为例，对我国体育专业（方向）的设置架构提出了改革意见和建议。

Study on Sports Major (Orientation)Framework Design Under the Diversification of Social Functions of Competitive Sports

The author investigated the diversification of social functions of competitive sports,takes it as a basis to study the routines and means for the innovation and revolution in sports major (orientation)framework design in the new age. The study shows that the currentcultivating mode of sports talentsis faced with three major prob-lems:(1)lack of core goals as a result of overemphasis on narrowing down the cultivation goals;(2)separa-tion of theory and practice caused by the over - discretization of cultivating modes;and (3)hindering of inter-disciplinary communication arose from the over - discretization of training system. The author points out that the fundamental way to solve these problems includes:highlighting the core goals,equally valuing practice and the-ory,and strengthening interdisciplinary communication. Besides,this article gives suggestions for the innova-tion of sports major (orientation)framework design inthe new age with reference to the tree mode of German Sport University Cologne and the net mode of Springfield College.